2nd half of the 12th century: Birth of Theodore Mangaphas
around 1188: Theodore Mangaphas establishes an independent state in the Philadelphia area
summer 1189: Campaign by emperor Isaac II Angelos against Theodore Mangaphas, with whom he reaches a compromise
around 1193: Basil Vatatzes forces Mangaphas to abandon Philadelphia and escape to the sultanate of Ikonion
1195-1196: Invasions by Theodore Mangaphas in Byzantine territories in the Meander valley, Caria and Chonai
1196: The Seljuk sultan hands Mangaphas over to the Byzantines who imprison him
1204: New attempt by Mangaphas to establish and independent state in the Philadelphia area
19 March 1205: Mangaphas is defeated by the forces of Eric of Flandra. His territories are incorporated in the state of Theodore I Lascaris
after 1205: Death of Theodore Mangaphas