The Diocese of Adana and Tarsus, the purview of which almost coincided with that of the Adana and Tarsus vilayet, belonged to the Patriarchate of Antioch.

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The history of the Diocese of Amaseia from the 15th century until the exchange of populations. Through the history of the diocese, information on the economy, population and cultural life of the region is also provided.

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The predecessor of the ecclesiastical administration of Anea was the namesake bishopric of the Byzantine period, which remained inactive after the Turkish expansion to western Asia Minor. It was revived in the 19th century, when the bishopric of Crene and Anea was established in 1802. The part of Anea became later a separate bishopric under the diocese of Ephesus, and was promoted to a diocese of its own in 1906 .

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Ankara was one of the cities where Christianity was spread already from the years of the Apostles. Although the presence of a bishop in the area was not constant, causing problems from time to time, the city was indeed the seat of a bishop, with short breaks, already from the 15th century. While the presence of the Orthodox element in the early Ottoman centuries seems to be weak, it was strengthened from the 18th century onwards due to migration from Cappadocia.