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John III Vatatzes

Author(s) : Banev Guentcho (12/16/2002)
Translation : Koutras Nikolaos

For citation: Banev Guentcho, "John III Vatatzes",
Encyclopaedia of the Hellenic World, Asia Minor
URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=9275>
Ιωάννης Γ΄ Βατάτζης (2/6/2007 v.1) John III Vatatzes (2/15/2006 v.1) 

Chronological Table
 

1192: Birth of John III Vatatzes in Didymoteicho

after 1204: Vatatzes enters the service of the emperor of Nicaea. He becomes protovestiarios

1212: Marriage to emperor Theodore I Laskaris’ daughter, Irene

1222: He is named emperor. Birth of his heir, Theodore II. Rebellion of the Lascarids (brothers of Theodore Laskaris, pretenders to the throne)

1224-1225: Internal unrest. Conspiracy of the Nestongoi brothers and other nobles. Strict measures are taken to suppress rebellions

1224: Battle of Poimanenon. The Laskarid pretenders to the throne are arrested. A peace treaty is signed with the Latins of Constantinople. The territory of the Nicaean Empire expands. Lesbos, Chios, Samos and Ikaria are annexed

1225: Theodore Doukas enters Thessalonica and is crowned emperor

April 1230: Battle of Klokotnitsa. Theodore Doukas is defeated by the Bulgarian tsar Ivan II Asen

1232: Negotiations at Nicaea with delegates of the Pope for the union of the two Churches

1232-1233: Rhodes submits to the Empire of Nicaea

Winter of 1233: The assault of the Latin Emperor of Constantinople John de Brienne is repulsed

1234: Negotiations, initially at Nicaea (January) and subsequently at Nymphaeum (March) with the delegates of the Pope concerning the union of the Churches

Spring of 1235: Nicaea and the Bulgarians sign an alliance at Kallipolis. The son of John Vatatzes, Theodore II Laskaris, marries the daughter of Ivan Asen, Helen. The head of the Bulgarian Church is recognised as a Patriarch

1235: John Vatatzes and Ivan Asen campaign as allies against the Latins in an effort to capture Constantinople

1236: Second campaign of the two allies against the Latins. Ivan Asen defects

1237: A coalition of the forces of the Bulgarians, the Cumans and the Latins attacks the Empire of Nicaea. Ivan Asen gives up his military operations and requests a peace treaty with John Vatatzes

1241: Ivan Asen dies. A peace treaty is signed between the Latin emperor Baldwin de Courtenay and John Vatatzes. Empress Irene dies

1242: John Vatatzes campaigns against Thessalonica. John Doukas Angelos recognizes the suzerainty of Nicaea and relinquishes the title of emperor. The Mongols raid the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum

1243: The Sultan of Rum, Kaikosru II, and John Vatatzes, sign an agreement in Tripolis of the Maeander in order to face the Mongol horde

1244: Marriage with the daughter of the German emperor Frederick II Hohenstaufen, Constance. Death of the despotes John Doukas; he is succeeded by his brother Demetrios Doukas, following John Vatatzes’ consent

1246: Campaign against Demetrios Doukas Angelos. A large part of Macedonia, extending from the river Axios (Vardar) to the river Evros, is annexed to the Empire of Nicaea. John Vatatzes enters Thessalonica and Demetrios submits to his rule

1247-1248: Campaign in Thrace, capture of Tzouroulos and Vizye

1248: Rhodes falls to the Genoese. John Kantakouzenos is dispatched to recapture the island

1249: Negotiations between Epirus and Nicaea. The niece of John Vatatzes, Maria, is betrothed to Nicephoros, son of the despotes of Epirus, Michael II Doukas

1251: Michael II Doukas moves aggressively against the Nicaean possessions in Macedonia and attempts to seize Thessalonica

early 1252: John Vatatzes campaigns in western Macedonia. Michael Doukas capitulates and signs a cease-fire in Larissa

late 1253: John Vatatzes returns to Asia Minor

November 3rd 1254: Death of John III Vatatzes
 
 
 
 
 

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The project "ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF THE HELLENIC WORLD" is co-funded from the European Union by 80% and from the Hellenic State by 20% through the Operational Programme Information Society.

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