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An arched srtucture or a semi-circular end of a wall. In byzantine architecture it means the semicircular, usually barrel-vaulted, niche at the east end of a basilica. The side aisles of a basilica may also end in an apse, but it is always in the central apse where the altar is placed. It was separated from the main church by a barrier, the templon, or the iconostasis. Its ground plan on the external side could be semicircular, rectangular or polygonal.
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arcosolium
(lat.) A tomb carved out of a wall (solium) with an arched niche (arcus) above it.
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mausoleum
A type of large-scale burial monument, named after the tomb of Mausolus, satrap of Caria.
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opus mixtum (ουδ.)
Masonry consisting of small stones and abudant mortar, which often interchange with horizontal double rows of plinths.
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opus tessellatum, the
The mosaic art for Romans. Its domination spans a period from Hellenistic till Byzantine times. These mosaics consist of small and equal in size stone, clay or glass colourful tesserae.
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