Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Μ. Ασία

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Ephesus (Antiquity), Monument of Memmius

Συγγραφή : Mallios Yorgos (16/10/2002)
Μετάφραση : Panourgia Klio

Για παραπομπή: Mallios Yorgos, "Ephesus (Antiquity), Monument of Memmius",
Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Μ. Ασία
URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=8258>
Έφεσος (Αρχαιότητα), Μνημείο Μέμμιου (6/2/2006 v.1) Ephesus (Antiquity), Monument of Memmius (15/2/2006 v.1) 

ΓΛΩΣΣΑΡΙΟ
 

anta or pilaster, the
A shallow rectagular feature projecting from a wall, having a capital and a base and architecturally treated as a column.

anthemion (Palmette)
A floral decorative motif in the form of a palmette, very widespread in the Greek art and architecture.

arch, the
A curved structure, as a masonry, that covers openings in the stonework and is capable to supports the weight of material over an open space, as in a bridge, doorway, etc. It is often used as a decorative element.

architrave or epistyle
The lowest part of an entablature resting on the columns capitals and supporting the frieze.

attic-ionic base
Base of an Ionic column, consisting of an upper and lower torus, separated by a scotia and fillets

bucranium, (plur. -a)
Decorative motif representing an ox killed in religious sacrifice. This motif was represented, in stone, on the frieze, or stone lintels, above the columns in Doric temples.

calceus (calcei)
The formal closed shoe worn by Roman citizens.

Caryatid
A sculptured female figure servinga as an architectural support instead of a column, pillar or anta.

cella
Interior enclosed part - nucleus of a temple or other temple-shaped building.

chiton, the
Item of clothing consisting of a square woollen textile seamed on both sides.

coffer
Recessed ornamental square or octagonal panels sunk in the ceilings of buildings. They were decorated with relief or pictorial, usually floral, designs.

console
An ornamental bracket, usually formed with scrolls and spirals.

corinthian order
The most elaborate of the ancient greek architectural orders. It was developed in the 4th century BC in Greece and it was extensively used in Roman architecture. It is similar to the Ionic order. Its capitals being four-sided and composed of a basket-shaped body decorated with volumes and rows of acanthus leaves.

cornice
1. (Antiq. and Byz.) Member of the entablature or the architrave that projects in the elevation of a secular or religious building. As a horizontal member it may run along a wall. The cornice may also be the projecting part of the roof, protecting the building from rain.2. (Byz. archit.) Decorative architectural element used to articulate the walls of a church, both on the inside and on the outside, by marking the division between the vertical wall and the spring of the vaults. It usually bears painted or sculptural decoration of vegetal or geometric motifs.

crepis / crepidoma
The solid mass of stepped masonry serving as the visible base of a building. The crepidoma usually consists of three steps. The top step from which the columns spring is called the stereobate.

entablature, the
The upper part of the classical order, that rests on the columns, it consists of the architrave, frieze and cornice.

epicranitis
A moulding marking the top of a wall or an orthostate.

exedra, the
1. Large semicircular niche-like structure with stone seats ranged around the walls, often outdoors or with a hemidome over. An exedra may also be expressed by a curved break in a colonnade, perhaps with a semi-circular seat.2. The rectangular hall of the palaestra, open to the courtyard with columns at the front. The exedrae in gymnasium and palaestra could have served many functions. Usually a hall of such type was the Ephebeum.

frieze (1. architecture), (2. painting)
1. The part of the entablature resting on the architrave and below the cornice. In the Doric order the frieze is decorated with two alternative motives, namely the triglyph and metope, while in the Ionic order the frieze is a decoratively carved band.2. Decorative horizontal band that sweeps parts of a vessel or the highest part of the walls in a room.

garlands
Derorative ornament with flowers and fruits, tied with ribbons and plant stalks.

himation, the
Rectangular woolen (mainly) cloth that was worn over the chiton (cloak). It could be wrapped around the shoulders and the body in different ways and was fastened with a belt or with brooches.

monopteros
A circular building with a single row of columns supporting a roof

opus caementicium
Roman technique of constructing structures using concrete. It was spread in the east part of the Roman Empire after 50 BC.

orthostate
A course of blocks laid on edge, normally in the lower part of the wall of a building.

peristasis
The collonade surrounding a building.

phiale, the
A (metal, rarely clay) shallow vessel with an open rim. Used primarily in libations.

pillar
Pier of square or rectangular cross-section.

stylobate
The top step of the crepidoma (the stepped foundation of an ancient Greek building) from which the columns rise.

toga, the
Type of roman clothing. Gown without seams. It is wrapped around the body and is reminiscent of the greek himation.

togatus type, the
Statue of a man that wears toga and tunica.

tunic, the
The Roman chiton

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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