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aedicula
Small pedimental naiskos, either a free-standing construction or integrated into a larger building's facade.
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anta or pilaster, the
A shallow rectagular feature projecting from a wall, having a capital and a base and architecturally treated as a column.
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arch, the
A curved structure, as a masonry, that covers openings in the stonework and is capable to supports the weight of material over an open space, as in a bridge, doorway, etc. It is often used as a decorative element.
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architrave or epistyle
The lowest part of an entablature resting on the columns capitals and supporting the frieze.
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attic-ionic base
Base of an Ionic column, consisting of an upper and lower torus, separated by a scotia and fillets
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cavea
Τhe auditorium or audience sitting of a theater.
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coffer
Recessed ornamental square or octagonal panels sunk in the ceilings of buildings. They were decorated with relief or pictorial, usually floral, designs.
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composite order
It is a mixed order, developed in the late roman imperial period. Its capital combines the Corinthian acanthus leaf decoration with volutes from the Ionic Order. It It may have unfluted shaft, while the details of the entablature resemble those of the Corinthian Order.
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corinthian order
The most elaborate of the ancient greek architectural orders. It was developed in the 4th century BC in Greece and it was extensively used in Roman architecture. It is similar to the Ionic order. Its capitals being four-sided and composed of a basket-shaped body decorated with volumes and rows of acanthus leaves.
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cornice
1. (Antiq. and Byz.) Member of the entablature or the architrave that projects in the elevation of a secular or religious building. As a horizontal member it may run along a wall. The cornice may also be the projecting part of the roof, protecting the building from rain.2. (Byz. archit.) Decorative architectural element used to articulate the walls of a church, both on the inside and on the outside, by marking the division between the vertical wall and the spring of the vaults. It usually bears painted or sculptural decoration of vegetal or geometric motifs.
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diazoma (lat. praecinctio)
The circular passage way between the lower and upper tiers of seats in an anient Greek theater.
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frieze (1. architecture), (2. painting)
1. The part of the entablature resting on the architrave and below the cornice. In the Doric order the frieze is decorated with two alternative motives, namely the triglyph and metope, while in the Ionic order the frieze is a decoratively carved band.2. Decorative horizontal band that sweeps parts of a vessel or the highest part of the walls in a room.
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kerkides (lat. cunei)
A wedge-shaped section of seats between two stepped passageways in an greek and roman theaters.
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niche
Semi-circular recess on the surface of the wall.
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opus quadratum
Tecnhique of wall construction, in which chiselled squared blocks of stone of the same dimensions were placed in parallel lines.
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orchestra
The performance space of the ancient Greek and Roman theatre, placed between the scene building and the cavea. It was usually semi-circular in shape and rarely circular.
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pediment, the
The triangular structure, over a building façade, between the horizontal entablature and the sloping roof, often decorated with sculptures, reliefs or painted figures.
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pillar
Pier of square or rectangular cross-section.
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proscenium (or proscaenium), the
The colonnade added in front of the skene of the ancient Greek theatre. There the intercolumnar spaces were usually closed by doors or painted panels.
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Roman-Asia Minor type of theatre, the
The edifice of the theatre as it was formed during the Roman period in Asia Minor. It was a merge of the Greek and the Roman type, with koilon larger than the semi-circle and monumental mutli-storeyed scene, which often adjoined to the curve of the tiers and clogged the whole construction.
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scaenae frons, the
The elaborate aedicular stage façade of the roman theatres that bears a rich architectural and sculptural decoration.
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scene (lat. scaena -ae)
The stage building of the ancient theaters originally used for storage but provided a convenient backing for performances.
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vault
A semi-cylindrical roof.
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