c. 750 BC: Colonists in the area of Metropolis. The first settlement is built on the top of the hill.
3rd c. BC: The settlement spreads down the hillside and acquires a civil character. The city is built according to the Hippodamian system.
after 188 BC (Peace of Apamea): Metropolis belongs to the
Kingdom of
Pergamon. Glory days. Monumental buildings, such as the theatre, the stoa and the bouleuterion, are constructed. Coinage.
second half of the 2nd c. BC: The inhabitants of Metropolis help the Romans oppress the revolt of Aristonicus. The city becomes relatively autonomous. Coinage.
1st c. BC: Metropolis belongs to the conventus of Ephesus
.
86 BC: The city is temporarily captured by Mithradates.
Augustus’ years: Glory days again.
17 AD: Struck by a devastating earthquake.
Trajan’s years (98-117): New buildings (baths, symposium hall and aqueduct) are constructed and coins are minted again.
3rd century: The city declines.
4th and 5th century: Minor economic development. The city plan changes.
6th century: Metropolis becomes the seat of a bishop. The population is decreased and inhabits behind the fortified walls of the acropolis for reasons of safety.
from 1304 on: A small settlement remains, while the entire region comes under the emirate of Aydin. The settlement later moves to a new place, to the valley (modern Torbalı).