apse
An arched srtucture or a semi-circular end of a wall. In byzantine architecture it means the semicircular, usually barrel-vaulted, niche at the east end of a basilica. The side aisles of a basilica may also end in an apse, but it is always in the central apse where the altar is placed. It was separated from the main church by a barrier, the templon, or the iconostasis. Its ground plan on the external side could be semicircular, rectangular or polygonal.
|
atrium
1. Antiquity: The large, open space within a building, which is envelopped by colonnades.2. Βyzantium: The forecourt of a church in early Christian, Byzantine, and medieval arcitecture. It was usually surrounded by four porticoes (quadriporticus).
|
caldarium
Derivative of the Latin verb caleo (= warm up). It is the strongly heated room of Roman baths. Its hot plunge pool was used to take not only a hot bath but also a steam bath due to high levels of humidity. It was also called the "inner room".
|
chalcidicum
Annex on the narrow end of a colonnade, stoa or basilica
|
frigidarium
A large cold pool to drop into after enjoying a hot Roman bath (from frigeo). Normally frigidarium has used after a visit to warm rooms (caldarium) or after a training in palaistra. As the largest room in the thermae and often functioned as a hall for social events or communication
|
opus incertum
Masonry style where small, irregular stones are used for the wall's facade mixed with plaster.
|
opus mixtum (ουδ.)
Masonry consisting of small stones and abudant mortar, which often interchange with horizontal double rows of plinths.
|
peristyle
A colonnade surrounding a building or a courtyard .
|
spolia
From the Latin word spolium (=spoils, booty). Architectural remains from destroyed buildings that have been reused in later periods.
|
temenos
The enclosed area in which a temple stands; a sacred precinct
|
triclinium
Hall for symposia where three anaklintra were placed around the three sides of a square table. During the Late Roman period it was the main reception area of both houses and palaces (the term is maintained in the Byzantine era).
|